The goal of state policy in the field of energy development in the Kyrgyz Republic is the sustainable development of the fuel and energy complex to ensure the country's energy security. The energy sector should be based on reasonable, economically viable use of various energy sources.
The hydropower potential of Kyrgyzstan is almost entirely realized thanks to large hydro power plants. The domestic consumer market has increased significantly in recent years, but due to the geographical conditions of Kyrgyzstan, it is possible to build a significant number of small hydro power plants, and the construction process takes a relatively short time - about 1.5-2 years.
In recent years, Kyrgyzstan has paid special attention to the construction of small hydro power plants, solar and wind power plants in order to increase the country's energy capacity. President of the Kyrgyz Republic Sadyr Zhaparov, opening the small hydro power plants "Kainama" and "Kok-Art", which are located in Suzak and Toktogul regions of Jalal-Abad Oblast, noted the significance of these events as a breakthrough in the country's energy sector.
"The energy issue, which has long been one of the key problems of the national economy, is now finding its solution thanks to the launch of new energy facilities," he said speaking at the opening ceremony.
The President noted that the priority direction in solving energy issues in the country is the construction of hydro power plants.
In this context, Sadyr Zhaparov called on businessmen and investors to actively engage in the implementation of projects in this area.
The construction of the Kainama small hydro power plant, located in the Toktogul region of Jalal-Abad Oblast, has started in November 2023 and was completed in 2024. A hydro power plant with two hydroelectric units with a capacity of 9.6 MW was built.
The construction of the Kok-Art small hydro power plant has begun in August 2023. The installed capacity of the hydroelectric unit is 6.8 MW. The estimated annual electricity generation will be 25.0 million kilowatt-hours.
Deputy Minister of Energy of the Kyrgyz Republic Nurlan Sadykov said that small hydro power plants are being actively built throughout the country. In the first half of the year, 4 small hydro power plants were commissioned in Kyrgyzstan.
"All these four hydro power plants are functioning properly. In addition, the Isfayram hydro power plant was put into operation by August 31, the Independence Day of Kyrgyzstan. We are preparing to launch about seven new small hydro power plants by the end of the year. All these mini hydro power plants are being built at the expense of investors, grants and individuals. All investors are working hard and want to put them into operation as soon as possible," he said.
In addition, the deputy minister of energy said that three small hydro power plants are under construction, which are being built with the participation of the state - this is the Kara-Kul hydro power plant on the Kara-Suu River, a hydro power plant on the Orto-Tokoi reservoir, and soon the capsule of the Papan hydro power plant in the Osh region will be laid.
"We emphasize that local citizens act as investors. The advantages are that these hydro power plants will operate on the water that is currently available. Equipment and structures will be installed in the rivers that generates electricity using the water that we have. The most important thing is that small hydro power plants generate the amount of electricity for a district or village that is necessary, and thus water is saved. Small hydro power plants make it possible to accumulate the required volume of water at large HPPS in the republic. Small hydro power plants make their contribution to the country's energy independence at the local level," Sadykov said.
The expert, veteran of the energy sector Chorobay Akunov said that now the country's leadership in its policy is focusing on the construction of hydro power plants.
"Earlier, in Soviet times, it was difficult to just build a mini-hydro power plant, because it was difficult to get documents, permits for the construction of a small HPP, it was necessary to get permission from the Ministry of Agriculture, the Department of Water Management and Land Reclamation. Electricity tariffs were low. And its construction took a lot of time until it became self-sufficient. Now all these procedures have been simplified, even the law "On Renewable Energy Sources" has been adopted. Now Kyrgyzstanis have begun to invest in the construction of small hydro power plants," he said.
The expert emphasized that small hydroc power plants have a regional advantage and, most importantly, that they help reduce losses and save electricity.
Chorobay Akunov noted that the potential of hydropower in Kyrgyzstan is high, because at the moment the country uses only 10%. If all large hydro power plants are launched and small ones are put into operation, in the future the republic will be able to gain energy security.
"For example, in winter we use a large amount of electricity, we import electricity from other countries. And if all large hydro power plants start working, we will be able to turn from an importer into an exporter. This is very important," Akunov concluded.
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