Labor migration continues to be an important aspect in the country's economic issue. The period of the pandemic had a negative impact on the industry, but the situation quickly stabilized. Now, despite the fact that most of the processes have returned to normal, new challenges and threats are emerging in the world and in the region.
In the field of labor migration, the state has done significant work over the past few years, and it is worth noting that it continues to this day. Authorities are making every effort to remove our citizens from the black lists, benefits for migrants are being developed, the qualifications of specialists are being improved, which ultimately helps people get better jobs, live in better conditions and get more money.
The expert community of Kyrgyzstan discussed migration during the conference “Problems of Kyrgyz labor migration: causes and solutions”, which was organized by the Pikir discussion club.
During the discussion, Meerimbek Apyshov, Adviser of the Division for the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Citizens of the Department of Consular Service of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kyrgyzstan said that our citizens are exempted from migration registration on the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), and their length of stay is determined by the duration of the employment contract.
“Previously, our citizens had to obtain a work permit or apply for a patent, after joining the EAEU this is not required. It should also be added that one of the advantages is the recognition of documents on education. Our citizens get the right to preschool and school education. Along with this, certain problematic issues arise. This is, for example, the impossibility of obtaining medical insurance for family members of workers. This is not provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation. In this regard, we are working in this direction within the framework of the EAEU,” he said.
Apyshev added that another problematic issue is the inclusion of our citizens in the black list, where by the end of 2021 there are more than 76 thousand citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic. “In this direction, work is also being carried out to reduce their number,” Apyshov said.
In addition, the representative of the Foreign Ministry added that not so long ago new medical rules came into force, which apply to all foreign citizens. In this connection, there are large queues of foreign citizens.
“In this context, in order to assist our citizens, it was worked out to obtain separate corridors to the Sakharov migration center. Medical examinations can be carried out in institutions that are approved by local authorities. There are 17 such centers in Moscow,” Apyshov added.
For his part, the head of the Eurasian Analytical Club, Nikita Mendkovich, noted that the signing of the agreement on the accession of the Kyrgyz Republic to the EAEU provided ample opportunities for migrants from the republic in terms of employment. He said that in fact, their rights were equalized with the citizens of the Russian Federation.
The expert drew attention to the fact that many of the conditions that are now accepted with hostility actually apply not only to labor migrants in Russia, but also to the ordinary population.
“Since the agreement came into force, integration has deepened. I would also like to emphasize that the main legal issues in the field of migration have now been resolved. There are no serious problems now. Migrants have a lot of questions about fingerprinting. But citizens of the Russian Federation do it too. Since last year, they began to introduce electronic passports, the receipt of which also involves fingerprinting. This is the demand of the century,” Mendkovich said.
Continuing the topic of problems, the Russian expert spoke about the need for full legalization of labor migrants in the Russian Federation, adding that they have almost the same rights as citizens of the Russian Federation, and it makes no sense for them to remain in the shadows. “Getting a legal job is more than realistic. Moreover, many employers will not hire anyone without official documents. This removes the risks associated with the violation of the obligations of the employer, and also removes the threats associated with ethnic crime,” the expert shares.
He added that it is important for the embassy and organizations from the Kyrgyz Republic, in cooperation with the Federal Migration Service, to conduct an educational program on entering the legal legal field. Mendkovich believes that it is necessary to advise to get a legal job and improve basic knowledge about the law.
Expert Denis Berdakov noted that the Russian Federation needs cheap labor, which, in his opinion, results in many problems. Many workers, Berdakov said, are not given the opportunity to conclude an employment contract. “In Russia, this is at least 30% of the costs to employers. They don't need it,” said a political scientist from Kyrgyzstan.
“In Moscow, this may be beneficial, but in other cities this is not necessary. They just want to cash in on migrants. Our state is trying to understand where the error or problem is. The problem is in the thin spot. If this is not the target set, then there may be problems. The main problem is that capitalism needs cheap labor,” the expert noted.
Berdakov called another problem that there is no control over processing. “Many people work more than 8-10 hours. This is a question of the model as a whole. Under the conditions that have changed in the past week, our workers will have to choose between becoming a citizen or defending the workers. A serious blow was dealt to various groups,” the expert noted.
The Kyrgyz expert noted that Kyrgyzstan does not have enough strength to resist this.
Director of Kabar News Agency Kubanychbek Taabaldiev noted that migration is a complex process that affects not only Central Asia. He said that this process is unstoppable all over the world. “More than 200 million people around the world are migrants. There are 2 major currents for migration - the US and Russia,” he added.
The director noted that migrants have several reasons forcing them to leave the country: economic, social and socio-political instability. “In Uzbekistan, with a population of 35 million people, 3.3 million labor migrants are currently abroad. I would like to draw attention to the fact that by 2021, 8.2 billion US dollars were transferred to Uzbekistan. They send them in a coordinated way,” Taabaldiev said.
He stressed that the volume of remittances shows that the trend of recent years suggests that Kyrgyzstan's accession to the EAEU helps migrants earn more than, for example, Tajikistan, which is not a member of the Union. This, as he noted, proves the process that in Kyrgyzstan they understand 2 things: it is necessary to study the Russian language and the process of training specialists in certain professions has begun in Kyrgyzstan.
Taabaldiev added that its necessary to take into account the fact that if we train specialists for Russia, the republic itself will be left without specialists. "In addition, it is necessary to unite the work of services in order to keep accurate records of the number of migrants who have left," the head of Kabar Agency concluded in his speech.
Kabar News Agency
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